Research Reveals Climate Threats to B.C. Cranberry Harvests

Cranberry crops in British Columbia face significant threats from climate change, according to new research conducted at the University of the Fraser Valley (UFV). Funded by the B.C. Cranberry Growers Association, the study reveals that rising temperatures could drastically reduce yields of this popular fruit, which is a staple on many Canadian holiday tables.

In a controlled environment simulating a temperature increase of 2 degrees Celsius, student researcher Yowana Kanyumwa observed substantial declines in berry production across six cranberry varieties. The findings corroborate earlier computer modeling published by Dr. Lauren Erland, director of the BERRI Lab and a Canada Research Chair, in 2022.

Kanyumwa noted, “My research also showed that higher temperatures impacted the size of the cranberry plants.” Fortunately, she added that the weight and firmness of the berries remained largely unaffected. Variations in how different cranberry varieties respond to temperature increases could provide valuable insights for growers as they plan future crops.

Originally from Zimbabwe, Kanyumwa was unfamiliar with cranberries before embarking on this project. “They’re famous in North America, but they’re not found in Zimbabwe, so it was fun learning about them,” she remarked, adding that she enjoyed making cranberry sauce for her Thanksgiving dinner using her harvest.

According to a report from Agriculture Canada, Canada ranks as the world’s second-largest producer of cranberries, with about 95 percent of the nation’s crops grown in British Columbia and Quebec. In 2024, British Columbia alone is projected to produce 45,988 metric tonnes of cranberries. The industry contributes over $400 million to the economy and supports nearly 3,000 jobs, primarily in rural communities.

The research at UFV aims to identify the physiological and chemical factors that lead to reduced yields as temperatures rise. Dr. Erland explained, “We are investigating whether higher temperatures result in fewer flowers or if the flowers do not develop into fruit, as well as the internal signals in plants that control these processes.”

Understanding these dynamics is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate the impact of climate change on cranberry crops. This research could lead to recommendations for climate-resilient cranberry varieties and field-management practices to reduce environmental stress.

The BERRI Lab’s initiative also involves undergraduate students from various disciplines, including agriculture, biology, biochemistry, and environmental science. Kanyumwa expressed her enthusiasm for the comprehensive research experience. “I’ve always liked being in the field, but one of my main goals was to learn how to work in the lab,” she said. “This project provided the whole research experience, and I discovered that I like the laboratory.”

The insights gained from this study not only aim to protect the cranberry industry but also inspire a new generation of researchers who are passionate about agriculture and its challenges in a changing climate.