Researchers Develop Innovative Solution for Chronic Back Pain

The Bone and Joint Institute at Western University is pioneering a groundbreaking approach to treat chronic back pain, a condition that affects millions worldwide. The interdisciplinary team, co-led by professors Cheryle Séguin and Lauren Flynn from the Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, is developing a method that utilizes stem cells delivered via custom-designed biomaterials into intervertebral discs, the cushioning tissues between the vertebrae.

Chronic back pain is not only a significant health issue but also one of the leading causes of economic strain, resulting in costly medical visits and a diminished quality of life for many. Currently, there are no effective solutions available to restore the function of damaged spinal discs. Patients often rely on a variety of healthcare professionals for symptom management, which frequently leads to high healthcare costs without addressing the underlying issues.

“We aim to create a product that promotes the healing of damaged spinal discs, allowing the body to restore its structure and mechanical function,” said Cheryle Séguin, who specializes in intervertebral disc biology. She emphasizes that the goal is to address the root cause of pain rather than merely alleviating symptoms.

Collaborative Research Approach

The complexity of repairing degenerative spinal discs necessitates a collaborative effort from experts across various fields. Lauren Flynn, who chairs the department of anatomy and cell biology, brings expertise in applying natural biomaterials to stimulate soft tissue regeneration. Their team also includes Brian Amsden from Queen’s University, known for his work with synthetic biomaterials that can be injected to restore mechanical function.

“We are merging our knowledge and technologies to develop something innovative,” Flynn noted. “Collaborating at the interface of different disciplines is what makes this project exhilarating.”

The research team is also collaborating with experts across Canada and the United States to validate and refine their treatment strategies. This group includes Lisbet Haglund from McGill University, who focuses on simulating the human spine using bioreactor platforms, and Dmitriy Sheyn from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, who analyzes pre-clinical disc degeneration models. Their contributions are vital for informing the development of new biomaterials and stem cell treatments.

Funding and Future Prospects

Interdisciplinary research programs often begin with a shared passion among researchers. Both Séguin and Flynn expressed gratitude for the seed funding and trainee awards provided by the Bone and Joint Institute, which they see as essential for transforming their ideas into actionable research.

“Our trainees are critical in building the necessary connections,” Flynn stated. “Without the collaborative environment fostered by the Institute, our work would not be possible.”

After a decade of research, the team is gaining momentum, having secured significant funding, including a $960,000 project grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and an additional $270,000 from the Stem Cell Network.

Although the research is still in its early stages, focused on material development and initial cell culture experiments, the team is optimistic about the potential impact. “We need to continue refining our materials to enhance efficacy and safety, so we are still a few years away from clinical application,” Flynn explained. “The potential benefits for patients and the healthcare system are substantial, offering hope for those suffering from chronic pain.”

The innovative work being conducted at the Bone and Joint Institute represents a significant stride toward addressing a pervasive health issue, with the potential to improve the lives of millions dealing with chronic back pain.